Since 2010, Retraction Watch has tracked retraction activity across publishers, promoting transparency and integrity in science and scientific publishing. The Retraction Watch’s curated database includes over 30,000 items and is known for its robust coverage and accuracy.

What is a journal retraction?

A journal retraction is a journal’s statement that a previously published study should no longer be a part of ongoing scientific inquiry because the data is flawed or the study was done in an unethical manner, meaning there are issues with things like informed consent or plagiarism.  

Flawed publications undermine the integrity of science and lead to the propagation of erroneous data to other genuine publications. That’s why we need the retraction of this work—to preserve the integrity of the entire scientific research ecosystem.

It’s important to note that not every retracted article means that something nefarious happened. While many articles are retracted for scientific misconduct or fraud, others are retracted by the authors themselves because they realize after publication that they made an honest error. Other articles are retracted because the authors may have simply misworded their findings. In these cases, the article is immediately republished with a wording or paragraph change. 

A retraction can be reported in several ways—by a keen reader, a peer reviewer, the authors themselves, a learned society, or the publisher. In most cases, the concerns are brought to the journal editor’s attention and an investigation begins. Unfortunately, this is rarely a fast process. The average time from original publication to retraction is 3.5 years. So, by the time a reader is aware of a retraction, the data has continued to be disseminated.

Connecting the dots on retraction data

While retraction data historically is listed on publisher websites, for most researchers, once a paper is downloaded locally or into a reference manager, returning to the publisher page to continuously check for article updates is not a standard workflow. This disconnect can lead to the accidental use of retracted research and contribute to the issue of recitation, where the research continues to be cited even after it’s been retracted. 

Recitation can impact an author’s credibility and negatively impact the scientific community because it extends erroneous data. If a health professional uses incorrect information to treat a patient, they are putting that patient’s health at risk. By automatically flagging retracted literature within Papers, we hope to eliminate the burden for our users. Because they don’t have to rely on manual workflows to track these important status changes, they’ll see a dramatic reduction in recitation and the use of retracted material in one’s research work.

What’s next at Papers?

At Papers, we spend a lot of time thinking about how we can better connect your libraries to related research data. Today, users benefit from dynamic citation metrics, auto-fetched supplemental data, auto-populated article metadata, interactive reading environments, seamless full-text access options, and now, retractions. We’d love to hear from you about what data you’d like to see connected next!

The post Expanded Retraction Support is Here appeared first on Papers.

Copy PDF (Desktop)

We’re excited to introduce a highly requested feature from our users from our Feature Requests Board. For those that constantly like to export a selection of PDFs, we’ve created a feature to copy PDFs to your clipboard.

As of now, this feature is available in the desktop app. Your PDFs will need to be downloaded in order to be copied. You can paste these PDFs to a folder, Slack, or any other application that accepts files.

SmartCite Bibliography Hyperlinks (SmartCite – MS Word)

SmartCite is about to make your research smarter. Starting next week you will be able to click “Convert to Links” in the options menu to format your paper with hyperlinked citations.

Public Lists & Permission Changes (Desktop/Web)

Last release we introduced a new feature called Public Lists. We saw our users sharing these on Twitter and we are ecstatic that you have put this to use already!

We received some confusion from our users on sharing public lists vs shared libraries so as a small update we have made changes with how these are shown in the app. Instead of “Edit” under the Shared Libraries we have renamed this to “Share with People and Groups”. This is for adding people to see the full text and annotations you have created. Please remember to share responsibly.

Discover more ways to use Public Lists whether it’s promoting your own work or sharing with your Journal Club.

Tab Switching with Hotkeys (Desktop)

Easily switch between your different tabs in the desktop app with our new keyboard shortcuts.

ePDF List Management (Desktop/Web)

Manage your Libraries and Lists while reading any article. Toggle the list management menu by hovering over “In Library” at the top right of the enhanced reader. Quickly add or remove from lists with links straight to your libraries and see at a glance where everything is sorted.

Other Notable Features/Updates

• Papers 3 Import Improvements – Includes SmartLists (Colors, Ratings, Last Opened, etc)
• Browser Extension Updates – Updates and bug fixes
• Usage Improvements – Full Library export to RIS (.ris) format
• Usage Improvements – Cloud icons will appear next to PDFs not downloaded
• Usage Improvements – Ability to postpone app updates

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The post July 2021 Features in Review appeared first on Papers.

Exporting your Metadata

If you don’t already have it installed, you’re going to want to download the Papers desktop app – available for both Mac and Windows – to your computer. There are two stages to getting your information out of Mendeley and into Papers. We’ll start with exporting your metadata.

Select all your references from My Documents. Don’t worry about grabbing the PDFs – we’ll get them a bit later. Once your references are selected, right-click to pull up the menu and choose Export. A dialogue box will appear where you can name the collection and save it to your computer. We recommend keeping the file name simple (along the lines of ‘My Collection’) and saving it to your desktop.

You can also choose what type of file to save your library. We recommend saving the file as a .bib or .ris file. The .ris file is more commonly used for transferring information and includes more fields that aren’t necessarily for writing a paper. 

You can use .ris if most of your library consists of references without any PDFs attached. Both will transfer traditional metadata (like the DOI, title, authors, etc.) but the .bib file type may not transfer custom fields that you may have created in Mendeley.

Download your PDFs

Now that you have all the metadata ready to import, there’s one more step: grabbing your PDFs. Neither .bib nor .ris files can download the full-text, so we have to manually extract those PDFs out of Mendeley.

File Organizer options

If you set up File Organizer for your Mendeley library, then all of your PDFs are already downloaded to your computer. To locate where Mendeley is storing those PDFs, head to Mendeley Desktop > File Organizer and you’ll be able to see the file folder path.

The advantage of having the File Organizer set up is that it will allow you to easily transfer your folders. You’ll want to create the same folders in Papers—if you have a folder called ‘Elephant Shark’ in Mendeley, you’ll want to create an ‘Elephant Shark’ in Papers. Then, you can simply drag the folders from your Mendeley Desktop folder (or whenever the folders live on your computer) to the new folder in Papers. This makes it easier to keep your folders instead of moving references one by one.

While this is the easier method (because  your PDFs are already out of Mendeley) if you have a large folder structure, you may have to cope  with multiple folders that will take up storage on your computer.

Manual Download

If you don’t have the file organizer set up, you’ll have to manually transfer your PDFs from Mendeley into Papers. The easiest way to grab all the PDFs in your library is to arrange and sort your library so that your references are files first.

Once you’ve sorted your library, you can then highlight all the references with files attached. Right-click and choose to Export PDF(s) with Annotations.

Choose a place to save the PDFs. We recommend creating a folder on your desktop and saving them there.

Now you’re ready for the transfer.

Transferring your Data

Are you still with us? Although it took a few steps to get here, the good news is that moving all your data in Papers is the easy part! We’ll start with moving over your .ris/.bib file. Simply drag and drop that file into Papers and your reference metadata will begin to populate. Next, open the folder that holds all the PDFs you exported and drag those into Papers.

During the PDF transfer, the files will import first. Then, Papers will begin resolving each PDF individually— if the metadata does not immediately appear, please give it time to sync. 

Papers is going through each article’s metadata and matching it against the information from the .bib/.ris file to find and match any duplicates. Once it has deduplicated any files, it will then start looking for the metadata on the remaining articles and auto-resolve the metadata.

Got more questions? Check out these common transfer FAQs

Do I need to do both steps – first export a .bib file and then import PDFs into Papers?

Yes, a .bib or .ris file will not grab the PDFs from your library. Using the .bib will guarantee all your metadata for any manual references or references without PDFs is transferred over.

Will transferring a .bib/.ris and PDFs create two items for each entry?

If the reference metadata in the .bib/.ris files contains DOIs then it will automatically merge itself to any PDFs that Papers can identify with a DOI.

If the references do not have DOIs, duplicate entries may occur because Papers will think that it’s a different reference. You will then have to manually merge the duplicates.

Will my notes, highlights, and annotations transfer?

Yes, any markings made on your PDFs will transfer into  Papers. That said, the highlighting colors, sticky notes, and other features may appear different. Papers uses different colors than Mendeley, but the software will try to match the colors as closely as possible.

Will my Tags transfer?

Tags will transfer in the .bib or .ris file.

Do I need to keep the Mendeley desktop app?

If you’re satisfied with the transfer and you no longer need to use Mendeley, you can delete the app from your computer.

We’re here to help you

If you do get stuck with any part of the transfer, please reach out to us for help!

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While Papers has a 95% match rate for imported articles, there are times when an article can be imported without metadata. The article may import unresolved if the PDF is a scanned version and not a digital copy. Because Papers can’t read the content, the software is unable to look for the metadata. 

An article can also import without metadata if there’s a cover page on the article. Some publishers will include a receipt or invoice as a cover page. Because the matcher only scans the first page of the PDF, it may not capture any metadata that lies on the second page of the PDF.

The good news is when articles are not resolved, Papers makes it easy for you to find the metadata with our matcher. The Papers matcher will automatically appear on the Info panel when it can’t auto-match metadata.

When the matcher opens, there will be several fields you can fill in with data to help Papers try and find the correct metadata. Below are some dos and don’ts to help get you to the correct paper faster.

What you should do with the matcher

• Double check the suggested matches: By default, the matcher will give a selection of articles it may think to be a match. Double check that the metadata is all correct (DOI, title, authors), as there can be slight differences if it’s suggesting a pre-print version of the article (think of a version from a few years earlier that has a different date). If it’s not an exact match, you may need to fill out the form to find one.
• Clear all the metadata out from the entries: It’s uncommon for all the fields to auto-fill. Usually, the title of the PDF is the only information that populates, but this can often be the wrong name. Unresolved PDFs take the file name and not the article title, so you want to be sure you are starting off with clear fields.
• Use the PDF preview pane: The preview pane will make it easy to copy over the metadata, such as the title and DOI, so you don’t waste time manually typing in the information.

What you should not do with the matcher

• Don’t use every field in the matcher: The Papers matcher is very powerful. You only need to enter one or two fields. Usually, if you can find the DOI of the article, that’s all you need to find the correct match. If the DOI is not present, try only using the title and first author.
• Don’t use the whole title: With the matcher, less is more. If the article has a long title, try using only the first few words and let the matcher do the rest!

We are adding articles to our database each day, which means our matcher will continue to only get better. If you are still struggling to find the correct metadata you can either enter it manually or send our support team an email to walk you through any issues.

Still need help?

If you’re still struggling to find the correct metadata, you can either enter it manually or send our support team an email and we’ll walk you through any issues.

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Papers Import improvements

RIS and BibTeX files come from all sorts of places. We’ve vastly improved our RIS and BibTeX import and even added some fancy messages to help you figure out where you(or the place you got it from) went wrong. We’ve also made the import much laxer. So if you have a reference’s date as “Armageddon” we won’t instantly fail on import for the whole file. We just might skip inputting that date.

Theme Support

Everyone was loving dark mode so much on the iOS app that we brought it to you on the web and desktop! By default, the app will use whatever theme you have set for your computer settings. But fear not. You can always switch by clicking on the Papers icon in the top left on the web, or by going to your papers settings on the desktop! We hope you enjoy the new look. I know I’ll certainly sleep better at night without all the extra blue light!

SmartCite Improvements

Ever been knee-deep in the paper and thought to yourself “I can’t switch reference managers now. I’ll lose countless hours of my life and my cat won’t respect me anymore”. We have introduced Convert from EndNote in SmartCite! This will convert your document, citations, and bibliography into SmartCite so that you can continue on your merry way. This is currently in beta so we recommend saving your document before converting. For cat respect, I suggest wet treats. Always works with mine!

Recommendations to a Shared Library

Have you ever had a shared library that you wanted to import your recommendations straight to? Or maybe you are using the ReadCube search to find new content. Well as of today you can now dump those references straight into a shared library of your choosing. As always if you want to import to a certain list you can always drag and drop.

Screen Usage Improvements

We made several improvements to the app to make research life the best life. The last 5 searches you have made in your library will show when you click the search box and it will try and autocomplete those results as you search. We also added tag prediction so if you start typing a tag it should try and autofill for you. We’ve also enabled you to highlight and select the text on the right pane. So if you want to quickly grab the title or a piece from the abstract, go ahead and do so.

You can now select(and therefore copy) text on the right pane. Makes it easy to quickly grab the title or part of the abstract to send off in an email or put in a Powerpoint.

See your previous searches and quickly pull them back up! Also, any search query will try and find any tags with that text so you can quickly search for references with a specific tag.

Custom CSL Support

If you have created custom CSL’s to use in SmartCite you can now use them on the web or desktop. Simply upload the style in SmartCite and then reload or relaunch the desktop app. These styles will be searchable just like regular styles and will allow you to use them in the export pane to preview the results!

Public Lists

Have you ever had a list or library that you took hours to curate and wanted to share with the world? Public lists will allow you to do just that! We’ve broken down all the ways you can use public lists in your everyday workflows whether it’s sharing with your Journal Club, promoting your personal research and much more!

Browser Extension Updates

We have updated the browser extension to support more Journals and to fix some layout changes on PubMed and other publisher websites. We are continually updating the extension so remember if you spot a publisher we aren’t supporting yet to send us a shout at support@papersapp.com

The post May 2021 in Review appeared first on Papers.

What are Public Lists?

Public Lists are like your normal Lists you create in ReadCube Papers with the added ability to share all the references and metadata publicly. You can create public lists that are both from your Personal and Shared libraries and even your SmartLists.

When you create a public list you are given a unique URL. You can share this URL with any collaborators, colleagues, professors, etc who will then be able to access a full reference list.

If your colleagues have a ReadCube Papers account they can easily use the browser extensions to add articles directly into their own libraries.

Public lists can then be accessed by anyone with the link, they do not need a ReadCube Papers account. You can always stop sharing by heading to the link and hit “Stop Sharing”

What Can I Do With Public Lists

Public lists can be used by anyone! Here are some ways to work with the feeds and papers in your library.

• Share with Collaborators
• Lab Prep
• Corporate Collaboration
• Showcase Your Research

Share with Collaborators

Working collaboratively with others on a project or literature review requires a great deal of organization. As more teams become remote or teams are working with external consultants it is important to be able to manage and organize the information you find in a way that all the collaborators can access. 

Public lists remove any barriers that require teammates to sign up for yet another tool. By sharing a public link collaborators only need that to access a full list of references. If they are using any other tools besides what your team uses, they can export the full list.

Lab Prep

Research Prep

Important articles can get lost in the clutter of a Central Library or a Journal Club folder. Share a SmartList for articles you want your team to read this week. You can add the Recently Added Smartlist here so any articles you add to your general library will automatically import into this list. When they visit the shared Smartlist link the list of articles will be readily available to see.

Share reading lists ahead of upcoming meetings. An easy way to keep your labs focused and managed is to use Public Lists to engage with your members. If you have a speaker, easily share any published works to the feed so everyone is prepared.

Citation Sharing

Streamline your writing — and collaborations. With Public Lists, you can ensure your entire team has an updated and accurate citation feed; whether they are using Papers or a different platform.

Corporate Collaboration

Internally

Public lists are perfect for companies that rely on continual knowledge sharing. One of the options you can use a Public List is for sharing reading catalogs. Public lists remove the need to send multiple emails with article information. Share one link within your team who can then access the list at any time. Public lists are perfect for including in any internal newsletters.

Build out any Journal Club feeds. The ability to have dynamic lists allows any new joiners to your teams to view older research as well as recent article additions.

Product Citations

Another benefit of Public Lists is the ability to include more than just research articles. Software or products used in research need to be cited on the same basis as any other research product such as a paper or a book. You can include patents, simulations, and other non-research products in your list, which can later help you cite.

Showcase Your Research

As a published author, it’s important that you can easily be found by other authors researching similar topics. You can use our Public Lists to promote your work across your different profiles.

LinkedIn

Add your collection of articles to your LinkedIn profile and resume. Move all of your published articles into a List in ReadCube Papers. Make sure to grab the public list link and head to your LinkedIn profile. Under your current position on LinkedIn, you can select edit > Add Link. Paste in your public list link and add a cover photo.

Your list of published articles can now display on your LinkedIn page. Since public lists are dynamic anytime you add a new article in your ReadCube Papers app it will immediately update whenever the public list link is posted.

Twitter

Share your published works with all your Twitter followers. Gain interest of other researchers by sharing your published work.

*Please note, Public Lists are currently only available in the web app, but we are working on bringing them to the desktop and mobile apps soon!

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The post Feature Alert: Public Lists appeared first on Papers.

ReadCube Papers App for iOS (iPhone/iPad)

We are very excited to release the new UI for the Papers app for iOS. Now you can take your Papers library on the go. We’ve also added new features, which you can take a look at some of the highlights:

• Dark Mode
• Double-page reading mode
• Annotating of Shared Libraries
• View and Edit SmartLists
• Download full libraries of PDFs for on-the-go access
• See and edit tags, ratings, flagged items & colors!

As part of this update, we want you to know we are committed to giving you mobile apps that give you powerful and robust research tools at your fingertips. This update will be followed by an Android update in a few months.

CSV Support (Desktop)

We are happy to introduce CSV import and export for all libraries. This means you can quickly edit and import metadata from a CSV file. You can also take CSV files from search results or databases such as PubMed and import this information directly into Papers.

This is a pretty in-depth feature so if you want to take a look at how it all works please take a look at this handy support article.

Lists in the Information Pane (Desktop/Web)

This March 2021 feature update brings a highly requested feature from our users. You can now see Lists in the Information Pane for each reference. Clicking on the list name will jump you to the list (much like tags).

Clicking on the plus button will open a dialog showing you what list it is a part of and allow you to create new lists (also much like tags). This feature is available for both web and desktop!

Download Multiple Items (Desktop)

We’ve made it easier to download multiple items from the cloud. Originally, you could download your entire library or articles individually. Now you can select multiple references, right-click and download them locally to your computer.

Other Notable Features/Updates

• Papers 3 Import improvements – Continous improvements to Papers 3 import
• SmartCite Improvements – Added ability to create a list from active references
• Usage Improvements – Show title in the bottom right, Static Preview Eye, Left bar resizing, etc
• Browser Extension Updates – Updates and bug fixes

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The post March 2021 Features in Review appeared first on Papers.

Watch a quick demo of all you can do with the Readcube Papers app on iOS:

Pick up reading a PDF, right where you left off. The mobile app will seamlessly sync any notes and annotations you made from the web or desktop apps.

The ReadCube Papers is the simplest way to read, manage and discover research literature. Discover all the features you have on-the-go.

Enhanced PDF:

• Tap-able inline citations, reference lists, and author names
• Supplements are automatically attached where available
• Fullscreen or double-page PDF viewing plus multi-touch zoom/navigation for an optimal reading experience
• Multi-color highlighting and note taking tools

Easily Find New Papers:

• Search the ReadCube Papers databases within the app
• Quickly download new articles with a single tap
• Import directly from Safari, email attachments, and other apps
  • In Safari or your preferred browser, use any search engine to find article PDFs
  • Use the “Open In…” option from the browser or any app to add PDFs to your ReadCube Papers library
• Metadata are automatically resolved – no more guessing with cryptic file names

Personalized Recommendations:

Discover relevant new papers based on your library or lists. Now, you’ll never miss another important paper!

Stay Organized:

• Create custom lists and sort articles into one or multiple lists
• Quickly search your entire library (and all annotations)
• Add or edit your #tags
• Sync everything – papers, notes, highlights – between the ReadCube Papers desktop and web apps or your other mobile devices

Shared Libraries

• View Shared Libraries, Lists, and SmartLists
• Add new references and PDFs to shared libraries
• Manage and view shared notes and annotations

Simplify your research life – try ReadCube Papers on your iPhone, iPad, and computer.

**Not seeing the update? Head to the app store and select to manually update the app to access version iOS 3.0**

Mobile App Training Sessions

Book your spot now and join us for our walkthrough of the new ReadCube Papers mobile app for iOS. If you are unable to make this time you can request a recording of the session.

Register

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C8H11NO2 + C10H12N2O + C43H66N12O12S2 or in other words Happy Valentine’s Day!

Fetal whole heart blood flow imaging using 4D cine MRI

https://rdcu.be/cfa9l

Prenatal detection of congenital heart disease facilitates the opportunity for potentially lifesaving care immediately after the baby is born. Echocardiography is routinely used for screening of morphological malformations, but functional measurements of blood flow are scarcely used in fetal echocardiography due to technical assumptions and issues of reliability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is readily used for quantification of abnormal blood flow in adult hearts, however, existing in utero approaches are compromised by spontaneous fetal motion. Here, we present and validate a novel method of MRI velocity-encoding combined with a motion-robust reconstruction framework for four-dimensional visualization and quantification of blood flow in the human fetal heart and major vessels. We demonstrate simultaneous 4D visualization of the anatomy and circulation, which we use to quantify flow rates through various major vessels. The framework introduced here could enable new clinical opportunities for assessment of the fetal cardiovascular system in both health and disease.

Fabrication and In Vitro Characterization of a Tissue Engineered PCL-PLLA Heart Valve

https://rdcu.be/cfbaj

Heart valve diseases are among the leading causes of cardiac failure around the globe. Nearly 90,000 heart valve replacements occur in the USA annually. Currently, available options for heart valve replacement include bioprosthetic and mechanical valves, both of which have severe limitations. Bioprosthetic valves can last for only 10–20 years while patients with mechanical valves always require blood-thinning medications throughout the remainder of the patient’s life. Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising solution for the development of a viable, biocompatible and durable heart valve; however, a human implantable tissue engineered heart valve is yet to be achieved. In this study, a tri-leaflet heart valve structure is developed using electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds, and a set of in vitro testing protocol has been developed for routine manufacturing of tissue engineered heart valves. Stress-strain curves were obtained for mechanical characterization of different valves. The performances of the developed valves were hemodynamically tested using a pulse duplicator, and an echocardiography machine. Results confirmed the superiority of the PCL-PLLA heart valve compared to pure PCL or pure PLLA. The developed in vitro test protocol involving pulse duplicator and echocardiography tests have enormous potential for routine application in tissue engineering of heart valves.

Regulation of cardiomyocyte fate plasticity: a key strategy for cardiac regeneration

https://rdcu.be/cfbaq

With the high morbidity and mortality rates, cardiovascular diseases have become one of the most concerning diseases worldwide. The heart of adult mammals can hardly regenerate naturally after injury because adult cardiomyocytes have already exited the cell cycle, which subseqently triggers cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Although a series of pharmacological treatments and surgical methods have been utilized to improve heart functions, they cannot replenish the massive loss of beating cardiomyocytes after injury. Here, we summarize the latest research progress in cardiac regeneration and heart repair through altering cardiomyocyte fate plasticity, which is emerging as an effective strategy to compensate for the loss of functional cardiomyocytes and improve the impaired heart functions. First, residual cardiomyocytes in damaged hearts re-enter the cell cycle to acquire the proliferative capacity by the modifications of cell cycle-related genes or regulation of growth-related signals. Additionally, non-cardiomyocytes such as cardiac fibroblasts, were shown to be reprogrammed into cardiomyocytes and thus favor the repair of damaged hearts. Moreover, pluripotent stem cells have been shown to transform into cardiomyocytes to promote heart healing after myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that environmental oxygen, energy metabolism, extracellular factors, nerves, non-coding RNAs, etc. play the key regulatory functions in cardiac regeneration. These findings provide the theoretical basis of targeting cellular fate plasticity to induce cardiomyocyte proliferation or formation, and also provide the clues for stimulating heart repair after injury.

microRNA protects the heart

https://rdcu.be/cfbaz

When the supply of oxygen to the heart is insufficient to meet metabolic demands, myocardial cells undergo apoptosis, which can cause myocardial infarction. Mitochondrial fission is known to play a part in this process, but the precise mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. Now, Wang et al. have delineated a key pathway mediating mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis in ischaemia that is regulated by the microRNA (miRNA) miR-499.

Evolutionary adaptations of human hearts

https://rdcu.be/cfbbA

Great apes engage in short bursts of resistance physical activity, such as climbing and fighting, which exerts pressure stress on the cardiovascular system. By contrast, pre-industrial human activity was characterized by moderate-intensity endurance physical activity, such as hunting, gathering and farming, which exerts volume stress. A new study assessing the hearts of chimpanzees, gorillas and humans now shows that the left ventricle of human hearts has derived features that help to augment cardiac output, favouring endurance physical activity. However, the human left ventricle is highly plastic and can remodel in response to chronic pressure or volume stimuli. In response to physical inactivity or sustained pressure loading, the human left ventricle acquires a chimpanzee-like phenotype, which could be a trade-off between pressure adaptations and volume capabilities. The decline in regular moderate-intensity endurance physical activity in post-industrial society could underlie the modern epidemic of hypertensive heart disease.

Cells of the adult human heart

https://rdcu.be/cfbbw

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Advanced insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies require a deeper understanding of the molecular processes involved in the healthy heart. Knowledge of the full repertoire of cardiac cells and their gene expression profiles is a fundamental first step in this endeavour. Here, using state-of-the-art analyses of large-scale single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomes, we characterize six anatomical adult heart regions. Our results highlight the cellular heterogeneity of cardiomyocytes, pericytes and fibroblasts, and reveal distinct atrial and ventricular subsets of cells with diverse developmental origins and specialized properties. We define the complexity of the cardiac vasculature and its changes along the arterio-venous axis. In the immune compartment, we identify cardiac-resident macrophages with inflammatory and protective transcriptional signatures. Furthermore, analyses of cell-to-cell interactions highlight different networks of macrophages, fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes between atria and ventricles that are distinct from those of skeletal muscle. Our human cardiac cell atlas improves our understanding of the human heart and provides a valuable reference for future studies.

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The post Valentine’s Day Reading appeared first on Papers.

Hints

1.Buhagiar, T. M., Schoenlein, M. H. & Smith, D. S. Ethical Decision Making in Critical Care: Communication, Coordination of Care, and the Practice of the Clinical Nurse Specialist. Clin Nurse Spec 34, 93–95 (2020).

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